Paper-Based Neuraminidase Assay Sensor for Detection of Influenza Viruses

Assessment of a rapid immunochromatographic assay for the detection of avian influenza viruses

Rapid spreading of the low pathogenic avian influenza virus (AIV) caused by the H9N2 subtype and the highly pathogenic AIV caused by H5N1 have caused serious economic losses in the poultry industries of Asia. Therefore, the early detection of AIVs is crucial for the control of the disease. In the present study, the applicability of a rapid immunochromatographic (RIC) assay, which specifically d...

A Sensitive Neutralization Assay for Influenza C Viruses Based on the Acetylesterase Activity HEF Glycoprotein

Influenza C virus possesses specific neuraminate-O-acetylesterase as a receptor-destroying function. This enzymatic activity of the viral glycoprotein HEF (Hemagglutinin, esterase activity and fusion factor) can be visualized in situ by the use of distinct color substrates. Hereby the localization, as well as the quantity of synthesized HEF protein is detectable. We further developed the estera...

Fluorescence-based Neuraminidase Inhibition Assay to Assess the Susceptibility of Influenza Viruses to The Neuraminidase Inhibitor Class of Antivirals

The neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors are the only class of antivirals approved for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza that are effective against currently circulating strains. In addition to their use in treating seasonal influenza, the NA inhibitors have been stockpiled by a number of countries for use in the event of a pandemic. It is therefore important to monitor the susceptibility of ...

Replication-Competent Neuraminidase-Negative Influenza H5N1 Viruses

Influenza viruses resistant to neuraminidase inhibitors.

Neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) are antiviral drugs for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza. By blocking the activity of the enzyme neuraminidase, NAIs prevent new viral particles from being released. The increasing use of NAIs brings into focus the risk of drug resistance arising to the class. There are three levels of antiviral resistance according to the way that resistance can be detecte...